7 Ways to Reduce Your AWS Spend

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) is the first service launched by AWS. In its 15 years of existence, S3 has changed how businesses worldwide store and access data, effectively kicking off cloud computing and revolutionizing AWS S3 storage costs.

Like all cloud services, S3 can be expensive, especially if you are not using it efficiently and considering the cost of S3 storage. 

Let’s take a look at seven ways you can reduce your AWS S3 costs – today.

Table of Contents

1. What is AWS S3?
2. Components of S3 Pricing
3. Cost Optimization for Amazon S3 Storage
4. Ready to Drive Down Your AWS S3 Costs?

What is AWS S3?

Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) is the first service launched by AWS. In its 15 years of existence, S3 has revolutionized how businesses worldwide store and access data, effectively kicking off the era of cloud computing. Amazon S3 provides scalable, secure, and high-speed object storage, allowing users to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web. It has become a cornerstone for many applications, offering a flexible solution for a wide range of use cases, including data backup, archiving, content distribution, and big data analytics.

Components of S3 Pricing

AWS S3 pricing is composed of several elements that can impact the overall cost. Understanding these components is crucial for effective cost management:

• Storage Class: The storage class you select for your data impacts costs significantly. AWS offers multiple storage classes, each optimized for different access patterns and use cases. Examples include Standard, Intelligent-Tiering, Standard-IA (Infrequent Access), One Zone-IA, Glacier, Glacier Deep Archive, and Outposts.
  
  
• Data Storage: The amount of data stored in S3, measured in gigabytes (GB), is the primary factor influencing your storage costs. Different storage classes have different pricing structures.
  
  
• Data Transfer: Costs associated with transferring data into and out of S3. Inbound data transfers are generally free, while outbound transfers are billed based on the amount of data moved out of S3 to other AWS services or the internet.
  
  
• Requests and Data Retrievals: The number and type of requests made to S3, such as PUT, GET, and COPY requests, incur charges. The frequency and volume of these requests can add to your costs.
  
  
• Data Management and Analytics: Costs associated with data management features like object tagging, inventory, and analytics.
  
  
• Lifecycle Transitions: Charges for transitioning data between storage classes based on predefined lifecycle rules.
  
  
• Replication: Costs associated with replicating data across different AWS regions for disaster recovery or compliance purposes.

Cost Optimization for Amazon S3 Storage

Let’s take a look at seven ways you can reduce your AWS S3 costs – today.

Your Amazon S3 storage costs will depend on:

• The size of the data you’re storing
• The number of requests used to access your data 
• Request type (e.g. PUT, GET, COPY, etc)
• The region where you store your data
• Data transfer and retrieval fees

But by far the biggest factor influencing your S3 bill is the storage class you assign to your S3 objects,  impacting your AWS S3 storage costs. Make sure you choose (or transfer to) a storage class that’s right for your use case:

• Standard: Best suited for objects you need to access frequently. This storage class provides a higher cost per GB but comes with high data availability and reliability.
• Standard Intelligent-Tiering: A great choice for data with unknown, changing, or unpredictable access patterns.
• Standard Infrequent Access (IA): Ideal for data you need to access less frequently but rapidly. Offers the same upsides as S3 Standard, but at a lower price per GB stored and retrieved.
• Standard One-Zone Infrequent Access: About 20% cheaper than Standard IA as it stores data in a single Availability Zone.
• Glacier Instant Retrieval: Ideal if you have a small number of long-lived, rarely accessed objects that are large in volume.
• Glacier Flexible Retrieval: Ideal for long-term data you don’t need real-time access to.
• Glacier Deep Archive: The cheapest storage class on S3 built for long-term data storage (7-10 years).
• Outposts: Ideal if you need to keep data close to on-premises applications.

2. Set Up Billing Alarms

Once you have the right storage class for your use case figured out,  considering the cost of S3 storage, the next step is creating a billing alarm to avoid a surprisingly high S3 bill.

You can do that through the CloudWatch console by choosing 'Billing' and 'Total Estimated Charge' as your metric, effectively monitoring your Amazon S3 costs. From there, you can define a dollar value that triggers your alarm and sends a notification when your usage exceeds that threshold. 

For a more detailed breakdown of your AWS S3 costs, try Finout. This FinOps-first cloud cost management tool will let you dive deep into your daily, weekly or monthly AWS spending.

3. Delete Unused Objects

In S3, each object version contributes to your storage AWS S3 costs. But how do you find unused objects within a bucket?

One way to reduce S3 costs to do this is by using the AWS CLI to list all objects in a specified S3 bucket. Simply run aws s3 ls -summarize -human-readable -recursive s3://your-bucket-name

Then, identify the unused objects by looking at the LastModified column. If empty, delete the object by running aws s3 rm s3://your-bucket-name/object-name

You can also delete multiple (or all) objects within a bucket as well as entire buckets. Just keep in mind that S3 won't be able to restore any data after the fact.

4. Automatically Manage Objects with ​​Amazon S3 Lifecycle

With Amazon S3 Lifecycle, you can automate the transition of objects to less expensive storage classes at set intervals and specify when objects should be deleted from your Amazon S3 bucket.

For example, if you know that certain objects are infrequently accessed, you might want to transition them to the S3 Standard-IA storage class. Or, you can set up S3 to automatically delete expired objects on your behalf.

Setting up an S3 Lifecycle rule

5. Cut Down On Cross-Regional Data Transfer

If you frequently transfer data between S3 buckets in different regions, you can use the cross-region replication feature to mirror your S3 bucket in a different region. 

This will improve performance and save you money on data transfer and Amazon S3 storage costs. 

For example, if you are transferring 20 GB from a bucket in US-west-2 to an EC2 instance in US-east-1, you would be charged $0.20.

However, if you first downloaded the data to a mirror S3 bucket in US-east-1, you would only pay $0.02 for transfer and $0.03 for storage over the course of a month, which would be significantly less expensive.

6. Compress Your Data Before Storing It

S3 charges you based on the amount of data you store and the amount of data you transfer out of the service. 

By compressing your data before you send it to S3, you can reduce the amount of storage and data transfer charges you pay. Your best bet is to use fast compression such as LZ4 to improve performance while reducing storage requirements and AWS S3 storage costs. 

7. Partition Your Data Before Querying It 

As mentioned at the beginning of this article, the number of requests used to access your data as well as their type will affect your AWS S3 costs.

To minimize them, consider partitioning your data. Partitioning improves query performance because it limits the amount of data that has to be scanned. For example, if a table is partitioned by date, a query that accesses only a single day of data can scan only the files in that day’s partition, rather than the entire table.

Ready to Drive Down Your AWS S3 Costs?

Amazon S3 has drastically changed the way businesses worldwide store, transfer, and manage data. 

With these seven tips, you'll be on the right path to reducing your S3 spending while getting the best out of cloud computing.